Basic information of TLR4 :
| Official Symbol of Gene | TLR4 |
| Species | Homo sapiens |
| Entrez Gene ID | 7099 |
| Official Full Name | toll like receptor 4 |
| Also known as | TOLL; CD284; TLR-4; ARMD10 |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| dbXrefs | Ensembl:ENSG00000136869 MIM:603030; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11850 |
| Map Location | 9q33.1 |
Sample information of multiple sclerosis:
| Detected Sample | total blood |
| Sample Detail | N/A |
| Detected Method | RT-PCR |
| Disease | MS |
| Disease subtype | RRMS, PPMS, SPMS |
| Population | Caucasian |
| Sample Size | 22 MS patients / 22 HCs |
Literature information of multiple sclerosis :
| Pubmed ID | 30740110 |
| Year | 2019 |
| Title | Do Antiretroviral Drugs Protect From Multiple Sclerosis by Inhibiting Expression of MS-Associated Retrovirus? |
Results of multiple sclerosis :
| Expression | up-regulation |
| Risk type | Disease risk |
| Result | TLR4 expression was significantly higher in MS compared to HC. |
| Mechanism/Pathway | Activation of autoimmune processes in MS results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.An additional risk factor that has been identified is the expression of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) of the HERV-W family.It has been reported that endogenous retroviruses can engage the innate immune system, and in particular Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have illustrated the immunopathogenicity induced by MS-associated retrovirus (MSRV/HERV-W) proteins through direct interaction with TLR4.Upon TLR4 engagement by HERVs, signaling pathways are activated that lead to secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α . |
