| Cancer name | Head and Neck Cancer |
| Cancer Type | HNSC |
| Immunotherapy type | Immunostimulant OR Targeting Therapy |
| Treatment | Cetuximab |
| Drugstatus | Approved |
| Drugbank ID | DB00002 |
| Checkpoints | NA |
| Signature Type | Protein |
| Signature | granzyme B |
| Official Symbol | GZMB |
| Mode of action | PROT_R_UP |
| Description for ‘mode of action’：the ‘mode of action’ for signature is composed of three parts: A_B_C. A describes the level at which the corresponding signature changes, it may contain the following values: TRAN(translation), PROT(protein), CE(cell), METH(methylation), AC(acetylation), PHOS(phosphorylation), MU(mutation), SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism), GLYC(glycosylation) and PATH(pathway). B describes the corresponding signature in which cancer immunotherapy condition group has changed, it may contain the following values: R (immunotherapy response group), NR(immunotherapy non-response group), D (Immunotherapy group), ND (No immunotherapy group). C describes the change detail (specific direction) of the corresponding signature, it may contain the following values: UP (High gene/protein expression or increased cellular abundance or enhanced epigenetic modification), DN (Low gene/protein expression or reduced cellular abundance or attenuated epigenetic modifications), LOSS (deletion mutation), GAIN (gain mutation)，Other. For example, the search/browse detail result for CD274 was “PROT_R_UP”, it can be interpreted that the protein level of CD274 was upregulated in immunotherapy response individuals. | |
| Experimental | clinical trial Phase IB |
| Description | Enhancement of cytotoxic marker granzyme B, proliferation marker Ki67, and natural cytotoxic receptor NKp46 upregulation was apparent after the combination of cetuximab and urelumab in CD56low NK cells, whereas, NKp46 upregulation is seen in CD56bright NK cells , however no changes in the expression level of, TNF-α, CRTAM, IFN-γ, PD-1, CD69, NKG2D, CD107a, and CD16 were observed in CD56low cells, similarly no changes in the expression level of TNF-α, CRTAM, IFN-γ, PD-1, CD69, NKG2D, CD107a, Gr-B, Ki67 and CD16 was observed in CD56bright NK cells. |
| PMID | 27496866 |
| Title | CD137 Stimulation Enhances Cetuximab-Induced Natural Killer: Dendritic Cell Priming of Antitumor T-Cell Immunity in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer |