| Cancer name | Bladder Cancer |
| Cancer Type | BLCA |
| Immunotherapy type | Immune Checkpoint Therapy;Immunostimulant OR Targeting Therapy |
| Treatment | Anti-PD-L1 |
| Drugstatus | NA |
| Drugbank ID | NA |
| Checkpoints | PD-L1 |
| Signature Type | Protein |
| Signature | IL-2 |
| Official Symbol | IL2 |
| Mode of action | PROT_D_UP |
| Description for ‘mode of action’：the ‘mode of action’ for signature is composed of three parts: A_B_C. A describes the level at which the corresponding signature changes, it may contain the following values: TRAN(translation), PROT(protein), CE(cell), METH(methylation), AC(acetylation), PHOS(phosphorylation), MU(mutation), SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism), GLYC(glycosylation) and PATH(pathway). B describes the corresponding signature in which cancer immunotherapy condition group has changed, it may contain the following values: R (immunotherapy response group), NR(immunotherapy non-response group), D (Immunotherapy group), ND (No immunotherapy group). C describes the change detail (specific direction) of the corresponding signature, it may contain the following values: UP (High gene/protein expression or increased cellular abundance or enhanced epigenetic modification), DN (Low gene/protein expression or reduced cellular abundance or attenuated epigenetic modifications), LOSS (deletion mutation), GAIN (gain mutation)，Other. For example, the search/browse detail result for CD274 was “PROT_R_UP”, it can be interpreted that the protein level of CD274 was upregulated in immunotherapy response individuals. | |
| Experimental | mouse model |
| Description | To further investigate the immune responses that were induced by the combination of tasquinimod with Anti-PD-L1intheMBT-2 tumor model, we isolated splenocytesfrom tumor-bearing miceand subjected them to stimulation with PMA/ionomycin for 4 h. An increase in the intracellular expression of IL-2, IFN-γand TNF-α gated onCD8+ was found in the combination group as comparedto control. CD8+ producing IFN-γwas also increasedin the tumors treated with Anti-PD-L1alone. In addition, high amounts of IFN-γintothe serum of mice treated with the combination therapieswere foundas comparedto single agents orto the control group.These data all together indicated that the combination of tasquinimod with Anti-PD-L1 treatment activated the adaptive immune system to exert a cytotoxic immune response. |
| PMID | 27471612 |
| Title | Tasquinimod modulates tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells and improves the antitumor immune response to PD-L1 blockade in bladder cancer |